SOMALI STREAM
When Israel announced on December 26th that it would formally recognize Somaliland as an independent state, it set off a diplomatic firestorm that reverberated far beyond the Horn of Africa. The self‑declared state of Somaliland, a region in northern Somalia with its own administration since 1991, had never before achieved recognition from a United Nations member. Israel’s move made it the first—an unexpected decision that alarmed governments and international organisations alike.
Within hours, global reactions underscored a rare moment of diplomatic alignment. Somalia’s government swiftly condemned the recognition as a violation of its sovereignty and territorial integrity, denouncing what it called a deliberate attack on its unity. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud characterised the decision as a threat not just to Somalia, but to regional stability in the Horn of Africa and beyond.
This condemnation was soon echoed internationally. At an emergency United Nations Security Council meeting, Somalia’s ambassador appealed to member states to reject Israel’s “act of aggression,” warning that it could fragment his country and destabilise the Red Sea region. Fourteen out of fifteen council members criticised the move, including permanent members such as China and the United Kingdom, underscoring how far Israel was from international consensus.
Across Africa, regional bodies and governments were quick to voice support for Somalia. The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) reaffirmed its commitment to Somalia’s unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity, condemning unilateral recognition as contrary to the charters of both the United Nations and the African Union
The African Union similarly denounced the recognition, with Commission Chair Mahmoud Ali Youssouf stressing that Somaliland “remains an integral part” of Somalia. African leaders—from Uganda to Djibouti—publicly reaffirmed their backing for Mogadishu, sending strong messages of solidarity.
Europe also joined the chorus. The European Union stressed respect for Somalia’s sovereignty and internationally recognised borders, leaving no doubt about its position. Sweden explicitly aligned with this principle, declaring support for Somalia’s unity in line with EU and AU positions.
In the Middle East, Somalia’s partners including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Kuwait, Iraq, Qatar and Palestine condemned Israel’s move as illegal and destabilising. They emphasised full support for Somalia’s sovereignty, invoking broader principles of territorial integrity and the UN Charter.
Other regional organisations added their voices. The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation joined calls for respect of Somalia’s internationally recognised borders and warned against threats to regional stability.
Even countries outside Africa and the Middle East expressed unease. South Africa denounced the recognition as a threat to peace and a violation of international norms.
Public opinion amplified these diplomatic reactions. Large-scale protests erupted across Somalia, with tens of thousands demonstrating against the recognition and calling for international support for national unity. President Mohamud travelled to Turkey, a key ally, to discuss regional cooperation and reaffirm Somalia’s sovereignty.
This broad international solidarity presents Somalia with a unique opportunity. In an era often characterised by fractured alliances, the consensus around Somalia’s territorial integrity is notable. Countries that frequently disagree found rare common ground: Somalia’s borders should not be unilaterally redefined.
Yet diplomatic support alone is not enough. Somalia must now strengthen its internal credibility and governance. The government must fight corruption and protect public resources, ensure meaningful dialogue and national reconciliation, and demonstrate readiness for peaceful transitions of power. Engaging opposition leaders on constitutional reforms is equally essential.
While the President has begun hosting opposition representatives, this approach must extend to local political dynamics, including dialogue with regional leaders in Jubaland and Puntland.
When the world supports Somalia overwhelmingly, the country has a responsibility to repay that faith by addressing internal challenges, managing the “enemy within” as carefully as external threats. Strengthening institutions, promoting accountability, and ensuring inclusive governance will not only reinforce Somalia’s sovereignty but also project a positive, credible image to the international community.
Ultimately, Somalia finds itself at a critical moment: a rare convergence of global support and domestic responsibility. By capitalising on this diplomatic momentum, pursuing internal reforms, and fostering inclusive national dialogue, Somalia can consolidate its sovereignty, counter unnecessary attacks, and emerge as a more respected, stable actor on the global stage.